Volume 44, Issue 2, September 2019, Pages 227–236
Josephine Nakanwagi1, John S Tenywa2, Stephen Wobibi3, Arthur Wasukira4, William W. Wagoire5, Janice Nakamya6, Dennis Beesigamukama7, and Wilberforce Wodada8
1 Department of Agricultural Production, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda
2 Department of Agricultural Production, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda
3 Buginyanya Zonal Agricultural Research and Development Institute, P. O BOX 1356, Mbale, Uganda
4 Buginyanya Zonal Agricultural Research and Development Institute, P. O BOX 1356, Mbale, Uganda
5 National Coffee Research Institute P.O BOX 895, Mukono, Uganda
6 Department of Agricultural Production, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda
7 Department of Agricultural Production, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda
8 International Institute for Tropical Agriculture P.O BOX 7878, Kampala, Uganda
Original language: English
Copyright © 2019 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
This study was carried out to determine the optimum nitrogen and phosphorus rates for achieving optimum yields and nutrient use efficiency for wheat in highlands of Eastern Uganda. An on station randomized complete block design experiment was conducted at Buginyanya Zonal Agricultural Research and Development Institute. Two varieties Fahari and Pasa were treated with four levels of nitrogen (0, 30, 60, & 90 kg ha-1) and three levels of phosphorus (0, 7.5 &15 kg ha-1). The fertilizer treatments were each replicated three times. The highest grain yield of Pasa and Fahari was 3211kg ha-1, 2726 kg ha-1 respectively obtained at a nutrient combination of 60 kg N ha-1 and 15 P kg ha-1. The same nutrient combination resulted into highest number of tillers: (Pasa 4 and Fahari 5), kernel per spike of 40 for Pasa and 32 for Fahari. Maximum total kernel weight, spike length and plant height were obtained at 90 kg N ha-1 and 7.5 kg P ha-1 nutrient combinations. Pasa produced a significantly higher Agronomic Nitrogen Use Efficiency and Agronomic Phosphorus Use Efficiency obtained at 30 kg N ha-1 and 7.5 kg P ha-1 nutrient combinations, compared to Fahari at the same N and P rates. Optimum N and P fertilizer combination for best grain yield of both wheat varieties tested is 60 kg N ha-1 and 15 kg P ha-1 combinations.
Author Keywords: Fahari, grain yield, Pasa, Tillers, bread wheat, Uganda.
Josephine Nakanwagi1, John S Tenywa2, Stephen Wobibi3, Arthur Wasukira4, William W. Wagoire5, Janice Nakamya6, Dennis Beesigamukama7, and Wilberforce Wodada8
1 Department of Agricultural Production, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda
2 Department of Agricultural Production, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda
3 Buginyanya Zonal Agricultural Research and Development Institute, P. O BOX 1356, Mbale, Uganda
4 Buginyanya Zonal Agricultural Research and Development Institute, P. O BOX 1356, Mbale, Uganda
5 National Coffee Research Institute P.O BOX 895, Mukono, Uganda
6 Department of Agricultural Production, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda
7 Department of Agricultural Production, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda
8 International Institute for Tropical Agriculture P.O BOX 7878, Kampala, Uganda
Original language: English
Copyright © 2019 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract
This study was carried out to determine the optimum nitrogen and phosphorus rates for achieving optimum yields and nutrient use efficiency for wheat in highlands of Eastern Uganda. An on station randomized complete block design experiment was conducted at Buginyanya Zonal Agricultural Research and Development Institute. Two varieties Fahari and Pasa were treated with four levels of nitrogen (0, 30, 60, & 90 kg ha-1) and three levels of phosphorus (0, 7.5 &15 kg ha-1). The fertilizer treatments were each replicated three times. The highest grain yield of Pasa and Fahari was 3211kg ha-1, 2726 kg ha-1 respectively obtained at a nutrient combination of 60 kg N ha-1 and 15 P kg ha-1. The same nutrient combination resulted into highest number of tillers: (Pasa 4 and Fahari 5), kernel per spike of 40 for Pasa and 32 for Fahari. Maximum total kernel weight, spike length and plant height were obtained at 90 kg N ha-1 and 7.5 kg P ha-1 nutrient combinations. Pasa produced a significantly higher Agronomic Nitrogen Use Efficiency and Agronomic Phosphorus Use Efficiency obtained at 30 kg N ha-1 and 7.5 kg P ha-1 nutrient combinations, compared to Fahari at the same N and P rates. Optimum N and P fertilizer combination for best grain yield of both wheat varieties tested is 60 kg N ha-1 and 15 kg P ha-1 combinations.
Author Keywords: Fahari, grain yield, Pasa, Tillers, bread wheat, Uganda.
How to Cite this Article
Josephine Nakanwagi, John S Tenywa, Stephen Wobibi, Arthur Wasukira, William W. Wagoire, Janice Nakamya, Dennis Beesigamukama, and Wilberforce Wodada, “Nitrogen and Phosphorus Optimization and Agronomic Nutrient Use Efficiency for Improved Wheat Performance,” International Journal of Innovation and Scientific Research, vol. 44, no. 2, pp. 227–236, September 2019.
