Our work deals with the relationship between inequality and technological changes. In particular, we focus on the transmission channels through which technological innovations affect inequality. The objective of this work is to determine the effects of the diffusion of innovations on the demand for labor of different skills. We are interested in the notion of technological bias and the role of inequality between different workers. Empirical validation of this work is based on Dynamic Panel. Our model tests the impact of technological change and capital on unequal access to employment and tests the hypothesis of skills biased Technological Change. An estimate by the Arellano and Bond method seems more relevant. A positive relationship between innovation and demand for skilled labor and a negative relationship between innovation and demand for unskilled labor seems to be confirmed for developing economies. Furthermore, complementarity between capital or technologies and skilled labor also seems to be confirmed for the same sample.

The proposed research work is based on the CFD simulations using ANSYS FLUENT software. In this work, injection timing is optimized (with constant levels of fuel injected), such that peak temperature inside the combustion chamber is low to prevent the pre-ignition and also reduce NOx emissions.

As a case of language maintenance Irish is seen by many as a failing attempt to survive an indigenous language. Irish is not a language which lacks poor support from the authorities; on the contrary Irish has the official status in Ireland. Since the commencement of the home rule movement there has been much effort invested to revive the Irish language; yet there is little chance that Irish would be able to maintain a status as the linguistic capital for Irish people. The fact of the situation is that for many Irish speakers, Irish is viewed as a useless language. This process is broad and complex, but one major factor is negative attitudes to a language, both in government policy and local communities. The paper briefly trances the history of the Irish language and discusses the linguistic behaviour or attitude of Irish people being responsible for the failure in language maintenance and revival efforts and consequently resulting in slow and gradual decline of the Irish language. The paper also presents few facts, figures and the reasons that highlight the fact that people's language attitude has negative impact on the Irish language's revitalization efforts. The present study also offers few suggestions on the change of attitude and the consequent possibility for the Irish language to be alive again in the rapidly changing situations.

The objective of this study was to estimate the inheritance of Rht5 dwarfing gene in wheat. Two tall elite cultivars Ningchun10 and Jinmai47 were crossed with Rht5 donor parent Marfed M, to produce F1. The F1 was allowed to self in order to obtain F2 seeds. Then the segregation populations were evaluated for some genetic parameters viz., coefficient of variability (CV), genetic variance (Vg), heritability percentage (h2 %) and genetic advance (GA) in 5 quantitative characters (Plant height, spike length, number of spikelets spike-1, number of fertile tillers and number of grains spike-1). All the characters were quantitatively inherited with varying degrees. The progeny Jinmai47 and Marfed M exhibited the highest heritability associated with a moderate genetic advance for plant height (h2% 66.65% and GA 17.46). The highest heritability with low genetic advance for spike length, number of spikelets spike-1 was observed in the progeny Jinmai47 and Marfed M. The two progenies showed high heritability associated with high genetic advance for number of fertile tillers and number of grains spike-1. In the two progenies plant height showed highly positive and significant correlation with spike length (0.73 & 0.71), number of spikelets spike-1 (0.55 & 0.52) and number of grains spike-1 (0.71 & 0.59).
The present findings suggest that the inheritance of Rht5 dwarfing gene is high although there is variation between different backgrounds of tall parents. It suggests that the selection at early segregation generation could be efficient for selecting superior lines of wheat with the target dwarfing gene. However, the use of molecular marker techniques could increase the efficiency of selecting superior lines with Rht5.

We propose in this paper shed light on the concepts of "Risk" and "Risk management" through a synthesis of the various theoretical and empirical studies dealing with these notions. Also, a survey was conducted on a sample of Moroccan companies to determine their perception of risk and the different characteristics of their approach to risk management.

We suggest in this paper dealing with the relation and/or the impact of the social climate of the company (via various determiners) on the implication in the work and the mobilization of the employees.
To do it, a survey (investigation) was led within an industrial company (SME, SMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZED ENTERPRISE) to verify and validate some elements of answer quoted and demonstrated in the scientific literature dedicated to this subject. The review of this one in its entirety indeed allowed us to decline the social climate and the implication in various determinants.

Essential oil from the aerial parts of Lavandula multifida L. (Lamiaceae), used in the Moroccan traditional medicine, was extracted by hydrodistillation and analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). 34 constituents, representing 95.25 % of the total oil were identified. The major components at the species level were Carvacrol (47.62%), ?- bisabolene (9.01%), and Dodecyl Acrylate (8.37%), Linalol (7.42%), Menthone (4.98%), ?- Caryophyllene (3.34%), ?- Pinene (3.21%). Antibacterial activity of this oil was tested against human pathogenic bacteria: gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria by the agar diffusion method. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of the oil were determined by the microdilution technique. The oil showed significant inhibitory activity against the bacteria, S. Aureus (14.330 ± 0.577 mm), B. subtilis (12.670± 0.577 mm), P. mirabilis (12± 1 mm), P. vulgaris (11.67± 0.577 mm), L. innocua (10.660 ± 0.577 mm), L. monocytogenes (8.667± 0.577 mm), E. coli CECT (9.667± 0.577 mm) and E. coli K12 (9.333 ± 0.577 mm). No inhibitory activity was observed against the bacterium Ps. aeruginosa.

This paper aims to review the design of medical devices and investigate its relationship among different factors that must be taken into consideration throughout the process. The theoretical foundation of this paper was formed by conducting a comprehensive literature review on medical device design. A new model is presented to illustrate the relationship between medical device design and four specific success factors. The model shows that product development, tissue modeling, training, and FDA regulations are the four primary success factors that are essential to medical device design. The proposed model clearly shows how device manufacturers must take into consideration many factors during the design process in order to have commercial success with their equipment. This paper demonstrates that medical device design is a unique and complicated process, which requires the utilization of a specialized cross-functional team to overcome the various obstacles along the way.